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It is unknown exactly how many people died from the atomic bombing. This included those who lived on the outskirts of town, where people were not directly exposed to the bombing but radioactive black rain fell, and those who were exposed to residual radiation upon entering the city. People who were not directly exposed to the atomic bombing were also exposed to radiation. One after another, people showing no external injuries became sick after a couple of days and later died. At a distance of one kilometer from the hypocenter, neutrons and gamma rays gave off four grays of radiation, estimated to be enough radiation to cause the death of one out of every two people. Radioactive waves emitted from the explosion caused severe damage to the human body. Anything flammable located within a two-kilometer radius of the hypocenter was engulfed in flames, and many people were burned to death. Thirty minutes after the explosion, Hiroshima was covered in a disastrous firestorm. Shortly after, the fires broke out spontaneously from the heat rays, and the fires that started among the ruined buildings spread. Wooden structures located within two kilometers of the hypocenter were completely destroyed, and there were people left trapped under the remains. Even people over three kilometers away from the hypocenter were burned on the parts of their bodies that were not covered by clothing. Source:“ Hiroshima Pocket Peace Guide” (as of February 1, 2015) (Produced by Peace Promotion Division, International Peace Promotion Department, Citizens Affairs 2 Bureau, The City of Hiroshima)Īlthough the heat rays were only emitted for a short period of time, their extreme intensity caused anyone within a one-kilometer radius from the hypocenter either to die on the spot or to receive multiple severe burns. Present condition of survivors (as of the end of March 2014) The figure for Nagasaki was around 74,000☑0,000. ・Residual radiation (remained above ground for a period of time after the first minute),which indirectly led to the illness or death of many who entered the city after detonation.Īround 140,000☑0,000 had died. ・Initial radiation (released in the first minute after detonation) (A major typhoon may produce winds of 30〜40 meters Blast―440 meters per second near the hypocenter.Heat Ray―between 3,000 and 4,000℃ at ground level (Iron melts at 1,500℃).
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For years to come,many would suffer from the effects of radiation. Characteristics―The mass destruction and killing was indiscriminate and instantaneous.The blast spread out radially, and swept the entire city in about 10 seconds.ĭescription of the damage from A-bombing to Hiroshima The Dropping of the Atomic Bomb Also, the intensive bomb blast created maximum wind speeds of 440 meters per second at the hypocenter. In the moment it exploded and a gigantic fireball appeared, intense heat rays were emitted, causing the ground temperature of the surrounding area reach to temperatures between 3,000 to 4,000 degrees centigrade. After falling for approximately 43 seconds, it exploded mid-air in a nuclear eruption approximately 600 meters above the Shima Hospital, slightly southeast of the Aioi Bridge which was the target. Then, at 8:15 a.m., the Enola Gay dropped an atomic bomb. In the early dawn hours on August 6, 1945, the Enola Gay, a B-29 bomber, took off from Tinian Island in the Mariana Islands and headed straight to Hiroshima with an atomic bomb, nicknamed “Little Boy.” The morning of August 6, the weather in Hiroshima was sunny. On August 2, the decision to use an atomic bomb on August 6 was made and the first target was Hiroshima. On July 25, 1945, the United States narrowed down the potential targets of the A-bombing to the four cities of Hiroshima, Kokura, Niigata and Nagasaki (Kyoto was also picked at first, but excluded for political reasons). In addition, during the final days of World War II, the Headquarters of the Second General Army, established to command troops in western Japan, was stationed in Hiroshima in preparation for decisive battles on the mainland. It was not generally known that a major poison gas production facility had been constructed (in April, 1929) on the Okunoshima Island in the Seto Inland Sea, located in the prefecture. With the outbreak of the First Sino-Japanese War started in July 1894, Hiroshima became a major base for troop dispatchand military logistics. As described above, Hiroshima was one of the most important military cities in Japan.